University of Wisconsin–Madison

The University of also known as University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, or regionally as, Madison, or simply Madison is a public research university in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. Founded

 when Wisconsin achieved statehood in 1848, Madison is the official state university of Wisconsin, and the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System. It was the first public

 university established in Wisconsin and remains the oldest and largest public university in the state. It became a land grant institution in 1866.The 933 acre  main campus includes four National Historic Landmarks.

Madison is organized into 20 schools and colleges, which enrolled 29,302 undergraduate, 9,445 graduate, and 2,459 professional students and granted 6,659 bachelor's, 3,493 graduate and professional degrees in 2013-2014.The University employs over 

21,796 faculty and staff. Its comprehensive academic program offers 136 undergraduate majors, along with 148 master's degree programs and 120 doctoral programs.

The is one of America's Public Ivy universities, which refers to top universities in the United States capable of providing a collegiate experience comparable with the Ivy League. Madison is also

 categorized as an RU Research University very high research activity in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. In 2012, it had research expenditures of more than

 $1.1 billion, the third highest among universities in the country. Wisconsin is a founding member of the Association of American Universities.

 Research, teaching, and service at the is influenced by a tradition known as the Wisconsin Idea, first articulated by Madison President Charles Van in 1904, when he declared I shall never be content

 until the beneficent influence of the University reaches every home in the state.The Wisconsin Idea holds that the boundaries of the university should be the boundaries of the state, and that the research conducted at Madison should be applied to solve problems 
 
and improve health, quality of life, the environment, and agriculture for all citizens of the state. The Wisconsin Idea permeates the university’s work and helps forge close working relationships among university faculty and students, and the state's industries and

 government. Based in Wisconsin's populist history, the Wisconsin Idea continues to inspire the work of the faculty, staff, and students who aim to solve real world problems by working together across disciplines and demographics.

 In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Madison was shaken by a series of student protests, and by the use of force by authorities in response, comprehensively documented in the film The War at Home. The first major demonstrations protested the presence on

 campus of recruiters for the Dow Chemical Company, which supplied the napalm used in the Vietnam War. Authorities used force to quell the disturbance. The struggle was documented in the

 book, They Marched into Sunlight, as well as the PBS documentary Two Days in October. Among the students injured in the protest was current Madison mayor Paul .

Another target of protest was the Army Mathematics Research Center  in Sterling Hall, which was also home of the physics department. The student newspaper, The Daily Cardinal, published 

a series of investigative articles stating that was pursuing research directly pursuant to US Department of Defense requests, and supportive of military

 operations in Vietnam. became a magnet for demonstrations, in which protesters chanted U.S. out of Vietnam! Smash Army Math!

On August 24, 1970, near 3:40 am, a bomb exploded next to Sterling Hall, aimed at destroying the Army Math Research Center. Despite the late hour, a post doctoral physics researcher, Robert

  was in the lab and was killed in the explosion. The physics was severely damaged, while the intended target, the , was scarcely affected. Armstrong, Dwight Armstrong, and David Fine were

 found responsible for the blast. Leo Burt was identified as a suspect, but was never apprehended or tried

 Located in Madison, about a mile from the state capitol, the main campus of the university is situated partially on the isthmus between Lake and Lake . The main campus comprises 933 acres  of land, while the entire campus, including research stations

 throughout the state, is over 10,600 acres 4,290 ha in area. The central campus is on an urban layout mostly coinciding with the city of Madison's street grid, exceptions being the suburban University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, and the Department o

 Psychiatry & Clinics in the West Side research park. The University of Wisconsin Madison Arboretum, a demonstration area for native ecosystems, is located on the west side of Madison. The main campus includes many buildings designed or supervised by

 architects J.T.W. Jennings and Arthur Peabody. The hub of campus life is the Memorial Union. In 2011, Travel
Leisure listed the Madison campus as one of the most beautiful college campuses in the United States.

The Madison has its own police force, food service, hospital, recreation facilities, botanical gardens, public artworks, power facilities, and an on campus dairy plant.
 
 The George L. Humanities Building, located on Library Mall, was built in the late 1960s in the style. Campus myth has it that the building with its poor ventilation, narrow windows, inclined base, and cantilevered upper floors was designed to be riot proof in that it

 was inescapable by protestors and easily by a SWAT Team. Its seven floors house the History, Art, and Music departments. The most recent Campus Master Plan calls for it to be demolished and replaced with two other buildings.